Descubra a los Nikkei

https://www.discovernikkei.org/es/interviews/clips/1208/

Trying to get back into camp

Well, my worst day occurred when I actually had left camp, and I tried to come back in. I left camp in June of ’44. When I left camp I felt I had to get out, and so did most of my friends. Most of my friends left a day after graduation, and I left a week later. Most of them left alone, or if they were with their friends, they were out with their friends on the bus ride or the train ride. But once they got to their destination, they would be alone, or they might be with one friend but nobody knew anybody. (laughs) But we still had to leave to get out of the place, because camp was just destroying us psychologically—our morale.

But anyway, in ’45, I tried to get back into camp because I wanted to talk to my parents. My father wanted to come out to Madison, Wisconsin, where I was living. I was trying to help my sister and brother by working and giving them part of my wages. And I said, “You’d just be another mouth to feed. You got to go someplace where you can support yourself, because you can’t get a job in Madison, Wisconsin. They didn’t hire Issei.” So I thought, well, I’d better go to camp and talk to him about it. And this is March of ’45, and they wouldn’t let me in. They said, “Well, why do you want to come?” First of all, they said, “Where is your permit?” I said, “What permit?” You have got to remember; first of all, there was no exclusion order. That had been lifted in January ’45. So theoretically, we could move anywhere we wanted to move, including California [and] travel around. And then they said [again], where is my permit? And I said, “What do you mean, a permit?” Again they said, “Well, you got to get a permit.” I said, “Where? I live in Madison, Wisconsin. Where am I supposed to get a permit? I don’t know anything about a permit.” So they said, “Well, why do you want to come here and see him?” I said, “Well, I want to talk them out of moving to Madison, Wisconsin,” and I explained why. And they said, “Well, you can’t do that.” I said, “Why not?” [They said], “Our policy is to get people out of camp.” So you know . . . it was just so frustrating talking to these people, so I said the equivalent of, oh, the hell with it. Kick me out or don’t let me in, or whatever—something like that. Typical dumb thing to say, but I was a dumb kid.

So they stuck me in jail. I waited in jail, and then they posted a guard, a soldier with a rifle, [and] put me on the next bus out. I told the soldier, I said there’s another bus that leaves a couple of hours later that still can get me out. Oh, the other [thing] they did, which is just unbelievable, is they issued an individual exclusion order for me. You see, they could do that, to keep me out of the state of California. So I had to be out of the state of California by midnight of that day. And it’s crazy. I mean, why do you they do that? (laughs) Kick me out of the state of California by midnight! But anyway, I said, well, there’s another bus that comes a couple hours later, and all my friends are down here by the gate. I’d like to talk to them. My father was there, [so I said] I’d like to talk to him. And the soldier says, “Well, my orders are to put you on the next bus.” So what am I to do? I can’t argue with him. He’s got a gun.

So I got on the bus. I think that was the last time in my life I really cried. I cried since then, you know, but not that much. I was really overwrought. But it was a real bad experience. And the thing about (laughs) experiences like that, is if you’re running a government, don’t do that to people because those kinds of people come back to haunt you. And I think that’s what happened as far as the Redress Movement goes.


órdenes de exclusión detención encarcelamiento cárceles prisiones Segunda Guerra Mundial campos de la Segunda Guerra Mundial

Fecha: June 12, 1998

Zona: California, US

Entrevista: Darcie Iki, Mitchell Maki

País: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Entrevista

En 1927, William Hohri nació como el menor de seis hijos en San Francisco, California. Después del estallido de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, él y su familia fueron encarcelados en el campo de concentración Manzanar en California. Una semana después de su graduación de secundaria, Hohri fue liberado del campo para estudiar en Wheaton College en Wisconsin. En marzo de 1945, Hohri intentó visitar a su padre en Manzanar y, en cambio, fue apresado por viajar sin un permiso. A Hohri se le dio una orden de exclusión individual y fue forzado a punta de pistola a dejar California a más tardar a la medianoche de ese mismo día.

Más tarde, Hohri se convirtió en miembro de la Liga de Ciudadanos Japoneses Americanos (Japanese American Citizens League, JACL), pero se sintió decepcionado por su indiferencia hacia los movimientos anti guerra y de derechos civiles. Cuando el JACL se inclinaba a apoyar una comisión del congreso para estudiar los campos de concentración, un grupo de disidentes de Chicago y Seattle liderados por Hohri formaron el Consejo Nacional para la Compensación Americano Japonesa (National Council for Japanese American Redress, NCJAR) en mayo de 1979, en búsqueda de reparaciones a través de pagos individuales directos. Inicialmente, Hohri y el NCJAR trabajaron con el representante Mike Lowry (demócrata de Washington), pero cuando la resolución fue rechazada, Hohri y el NCJAR reorientaron sus esfuerzos para obtener una compensación a través de las cortes. Hohri, junto con otros veinticuatro demandantes, presentaron el 16 de marzo de 1983 una demanda conjunta contra el gobierno por veintisiete mil millones de dólares en daños y perjuicios.

Él falleció el 12 de noviembre del 2010 a la edad de 83 años. (Noviembre del 2011)

Murakami,Jimmy

Seagulls

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Murakami,Jimmy

Reparations

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Takei,George

Father's Influence

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Fukuhara,Jimmy Ko

The riot in Manzanar

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Ito,Willie

Father’s Optimism

(n. 1934) Galardonado artista de animación de Disney que fue encarcelado en Topaz durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

Ito,Willie

Tanforan Assembly Center

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Ito,Willie

Father making shell brooches at Topaz

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Wasserman,Fumiko Hachiya

The lack of discussion about family’s incarceration in Amache

Juez Sansei en la Corte Superior del Condado de Los Ángeles en California

Fischer,Takayo

Passing Time in the Camps with Baton Twirling

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Takamoto,Iwao

La pérdida cuando se fue a Manzanar (Inglés)

Ilustrador japonés americano de Walt Disney y Hanna Barbera (1925-2007)

Teisher,Monica

Stories of Grandfather at a concentration camp in Fusagasuga

(n. 1974) Colombiana japonesa que actualmente reside en los Estados Unidos

Teisher,Monica

Her grandfather in a concentration camp in Fusagasuga (Spanish)

(n. 1974) Colombiana japonesa que actualmente reside en los Estados Unidos

Yamamoto,Mia

Impacto de su padre

(n. 1943) Abogado transgénero japonés-estadounidense

Ninomiya,Masato

La enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras estuvo estrictamente regulada durante la guerra.

Profesor de doctorado en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de São Paulo, abogado, traductor (nacido en 1948)

Sakoguchi,Ben

Regresando del campamento

(n. 1938) pintor y grabador japonés-estadounidense